A Binomial Distribution describes the probability of an event that only has 2 possible outcomes. For Example, Heads or tails.
The Central Limit Theorem states that the distribution of the sample means approaches normal regardless of the shape of the parent population.
A check Sheet is a data collection tool that usually identifies where and how often problems appear in a product or service.
A Pareto Diagram is a bar chart that re-orders the categories so they are rank-ordered from the largest total occurrences to the smallest.
The Quincunx demonstrates that adjusting a process to “correct” it to the controls actually makes a process more out of control. I always remember it by recalling Bob Barker’s plinko board!